Taiwan is hot and humid in summer, diseases that are easily infected. The diseases can be categorized into five types; heat stress, diseases of blood-sucking insect vectors such as mosquitoes and flies, fungal diseases, bacterial diseases, protozoal diseases.
Firstly, heat stress
Heat stress is the most important issue in Taiwanese breeding industry. In general, the climate may affect feed conversion rates in animals, furthermore, reproduction problems and no milk of the sows.
In relation to poultry, particularly broiler chickens, high temperatures led to increased water consumption of the chicken, and reduced fodder. Thus, water consumption increasing drives to wet fodder, also ammonia contains around the house affects poultry respiratory system. The problems should be tackled from the equipment and operating procedure; for instance, cleaning, drying, ventilating, avoiding closed feeding, sunshade prevention, vitamins and minerals supplement, feed oils adding and enzymes, etc. Enhancing appetite and digestibility by humidity improvement, ammonia content reducing, tolerance of heat stress improvement.
Second, mosquitoes and other blood-sucking insect diseases
Blood-sucking insects such as mosquitoes and flies are a medium for many major diseases, such as Japanese encephalitis, pig erythrocytic rickettsiosis, chicken blood protozoal coronavirus, fowlpox and so on.
●Blood-sucking insects such as mosquitoes and flies are a medium for many major diseases, such as Japanese encephalitis, pig erythrocytic rickettsiosis, chicken blood protozoal coronavirus, fowlpox and so on.
●pig with erythrocyte rickets disease (Eperythrozoonosis) clinical symptoms; piglets pale skin and anemia, fattening pigs is jaundice anemia, sows are acute symptoms of fever and anorexia lasts for 1-3 days of symptoms, Chronic type will have weakness, pale and jaundice symptoms, no estrus and low conception rate. Tetracycline antibiotics can be used for treatment.
●pig with erythrocyte rickets disease (Eperythrozoonosis) clinical symptoms; piglets pale skin and anemia, fattening pigs is jaundice anemia, sows are acute symptoms of fever and anorexia lasts for 1-3 days of symptoms, Chronic type will have weakness, pale and jaundice symptoms, no estrus and low conception rate. Tetracycline antibiotics can be used for treatment.
●Fowl pox is also transmitted by mosquitoes, but fowl pox has been vaccinated against the disease and fowl pox is not yet available in Turkey.
Third, mold, bacteria, protozoal diseases
Summer mold, bacteria, protozoan diseases are caused because of high temperature and humidity, hot and humid environment is more suitable for the growth of these pathogens. And because of the stress, it decreased immunity of animals, more susceptible to these infectious diseases, or the condition is more serious than in other seasons. Therefore, in dealing with these diseases, in addition to treating the disease itself, it is also critical that the returning fundamentally opposed to heat stress.Summer hot and humid, especially after the rainy season, more damp, easy to breed mold. Moisturizing mold easily moldy, mold in the feed proliferation will destroy the feed nutrition, but also the secretion of mycotoxins. When animals feeding with mold-contaminated feed may be undernourished, mycotoxins cause undesirable symptoms, and mold will further affect animals and cause damage in three areas. Fodder with adding mold, antiseptic oils, and acidifiers, adding antimycotics (drugs or non-drugs) or mycotoxin adsorbents are the great treatments.
Summer bacterial infections in pigs, one thing to remind, if diarrhea occurs, give the pigs to cool the pool of water, please dry pool first. Because bacteria will often survive or even breed in manure, swallowing contaminated water when pigs soak in water will aggravate the condition and make it difficult to control. Suggested that the onset of the disease to use other methods to cool.
Bacterial infections in chickens during the summer season are often associated with litter moisture, which increases the moisture content of the litter as it increases the amount of water the chickens drink. Wet litter is easy to breed bacteria, molds, coccidia, coupled with the hot weather and make the chicken immune system more susceptible to infection. To avoid a vicious cycle, tackling heat stress is the key.
Fourth, the conclusion
The most important issue for summer livestock is heat stress. Improving heat stress can greatly improve the health condition of livestock and poultry, and reduce the incidence of diseases. At the same time need to pay attention to mosquitoes and other blood-borne for disease spreading.